Large Scale Water Reclamation
- 100% Sewered with Modern SanitationSingapore
■ Outline
Singapore’s first sewerage scheme started in 1910. The system then consisted of only a network of sewers and 3 pumping stations and a trickling filter plant to serve the central area of Singapore.
An intensive sewerage development programme began in the 1960's to meet the demand of the rapid housing and industrialisation programme.
The current sewerage system is designed based on a 'separate system' whereby used water is collected separately in a network of underground sewers that lead to a treatment plant whereas stormwater and surface runoff are collected in open drains and channelled to rivers and reservoirs.
Today, 100% of our population is served by modern sanitation.
■ Period of Implementation
■ Features
- Used water is collected through a sewerage network of some 3300km of sewers and 96 pumping stations with 180 km of pumping mains. 100% of the population has modern sanitation. Singapore is one of the few countries in the world with 100% of its population served by modern sanitation and manages the water loop in an integrated manner. This allows PUB to recycle water on a scale unseen anywhere else. PUB collects every drop of water that is used. This used water is treated before it is discharged into the sea or used for recycling into NEWater, Singapore’s own brand of reclaimed water.
- PUB has also developed the Deep Tunnel Sewerage Sewerage System (DTSS) to meet the Singapore needs for used water handling. The S$3.65 billion DTSS is an efficient and cost-efficient solution to meet Singapore’s long-term needs for used water collection, treatment, reclamation and disposal. It was conceived as a cost-effective and sustainable solution to meet Singapore’s long-term used water needs.
The mammoth DTSS (Phase 1 & 2) project consists of two large, deep tunnels crisscrossing the island, two centralised water reclamation plants, deep sea outfall pipes and a link sewer network.
Completed in 2008, Phase I of the DTSS comprises a 48km long deep tunnel sewer running through half of Singapore, a centralised water reclamation plant at Changi, two 5km long deep sea outfall pipes and 60km of link sewer.
■ Outcomes / Benefits
- DTSS was crowned ‘Water Project of the Year’ at the Global Water Awards 2009 in Zurich, Switzerland on 28 April 2009. The DTSS was selected as the water project with the most significant contribution to water technology and environmental protection.
■ Cost
■ Inquiries
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